Abandoned houses in no man’s land on the boundary line with South Ossetia. The Russian border guard base near Bershueti sits behind them.

Kako Khupatsaria watches as his wife Susana Tsanava prepares to milk the family's cow in their garden in Orsantia. Their driveway leads to the Enguri River, which forms the boundary line with Abkhazia.Kako Khupatsaria watches as his wife Susana Tsanava prepares to milk the family's cow in their garden in Orsantia. Their driveway leads to the Enguri River, which forms the boundary line with Abkhazia.

A cow stands near the bridge which formerly provided a crossing point between Orsantia on Georgian-controlled territory and Otobaia in Abkhazia. The crossing was closed by the Russian military in 2016.

Zaira Jigania, a displaced person from Abkhazia, lives alone in a single room in the same building as Zugdidi council’s cleaning department. She has a small vegetable patch and a chicken coop which keep her busy, although her life is a lonely one.

A poster on display at the school in Koki, a village near the Enguri River.

A display at a museum dedicated to the 2008 war between Georgia and Russia, located in the border village of Ergneti. Ergneti is the closest village in Georgian-controlled territory to Tskhinvali, the de-facto capital of South Ossetia, and was once the site of a bustling market where Georgians and Ossetians would trade with one another.

A group of 5- and 6-year-olds watch Tom and Jerry at a pre-school run by the Danish Refugee Council for the children of IDPs in Military Town, Senaki. The IDP settlement has around 3,000 residents and was formerly accommodation for those stationed at the nearby military base.

Spectators watch Dila Gori play Samgurali Tskaltubo at Tengiz Burjanadze Stadium. During the 2008 war buildings near the stadium were bombed before the Russian military occupied the town.

A mural on a bullet-marked wall, a reminder of the 2008 war near Gori's main square, named after Joseph Stalin who was born in the town.

Members of the Nikozi Cathedral choir practice at the village’s art school. The school was founded by Bishop Isaiah in 2009, who worked as an animator before joining the Church.

Locals wait for Bishop Isaiah to enter Nikozi Cathedral.

Before the Divine Liturgy at Nikozi Cathedral, which is located about half a mile from the nearest Russian troops. Nikozi was bombed and occupied by the Russians during the 2008 war.

One mile lies between the checkpoints on either side of the Enguri Bridge. For the infirm or those with too much to carry, the UN refugee agency operates free minibuses, with the private minibuses that supplement them charging 1 lari (~30p) for the crossing.

Giorgi Abalaki walks beneath the grapevines in his garden. He lives in the last house before the boundary line with South Ossetia in the village of Kirbali. 76-year-old Giorgi has lived alone since his wife died several years ago.

A table in Giorgi Abalaki's house dedicated to his late wife Vera.

Women stand outside their IDP accomodation in the centre of Zugdidi. Many people have lived in poor conditions in buildings like this since they were displaced during the 1992-1993 Abkhaz War.

A chessboard on the sofa in Otar Kekoshvili's lounge. Otar lives in a cottage in the Gori II IDP settlement.

A fake surveillance camera installed by Russian FSB border guards to the north of Ganmukhuri.

Valeri and Nikolozi Khupatsaria play as their new puppy explores their garden in Orsantia, directly beside the Enguri River.

A Russian-built watch hut in the hills north of Mejvriskhevi.

An elderly man walks towards the Enguri Bridge in the direction of Abkhazia.

The resort town of Anaklia is the furthest point north on the Black Sea coast that is controlled by the Georgian government.

Nikozi Climbing Club provides after-school sessions three times per week for children living in the area. There is a clear view from Nikozi into Tskhinvali, the de-facto capital of South Ossetia, which lies a few hundred metres to the north.

The climbing club stores equipment in a box that once held rocket-propelled grenades.

Border infrastructure is seen on the western edge of Adzvi while a Russian base dominating the hill behind.

The 270-metre tall Enguri Dam was built over a period of 26 years from 1961 to 1987. It redirects water from the Enguri River, which rises in the high Caucasus Mountains near the Russian border, to hydroelectric power plants located in occupied Abkhazia. The resulting electricity is shared between Abkhazia and Georgian-controlled territory, with each side relying on the other. The combined efforts produce nearly half of Georgia’s electricity needs.

European Union Monitoring Mission monitors Tamás Fekete and Roger Brandin survey fishing boats south and north of the Abkhaz boundary line in Anaklia. The mission began after the 2008 war between Georgia and Russia with a mandate to monitor developments on the boundary lines with Abkhazia and South Ossetia, and to act as a mediator between Tbilisi and the de-facto authorities in the occupied territories.

Nanuli Benia's room in a collective accommodation centre for Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Zugdidi.

Nikusha, left, and his cousins Andria and Saba pick alucha plums from their garden in Ditsi. They are eaten raw or used to make a popular Georgian sauce called tkemali.

The last stretch of Georgian-controlled territory gives way to no man's land in Ergneti. The de-facto capital of South Ossetia, Tskhinvali, can be seen through the trees.

5-year-old Giorgi Ekhvaia lives with his family next to an offshoot of the Enguri River in Khurcha. The opposite bank just a few feet away is occupied Abkhazia. A large Russian base is located in Nabakevi, the village on the other side of the river, and cameras and sensors have been installed by Russian FSB border guards to detect anyone who tries to cross.